Tropical CYCLONE INFORMATION

Tropical cyclones are intense low-pressure systems with average winds exceeding gale force (34 knots/62km/hr.) They are called hurricanes and typhoons in other parts of the world.

Tropical cyclones form over the warm tropical oceans when sea surface temperatures are above 27°C. Warm waters are critical because tropical cyclones are powered by the release of latent heat from the condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere.

Cyclones produce extreme winds which may exceed 200 km/h. These winds can cause extensive property damage and cause airborne debris to become potentially lethal missiles. It is important to remember that the passage of the cyclone centre or "eye" will produce a temporary lull in the wind but that this will soon be replaced by extreme winds from another direction.

Cyclones also produce flood rains, which can cause further damage and raises the instance of possible drowning. Stay clear of all storm drains as flash flooding of these drains pose huge risks especially to children.

The phenomenal seas accompanying cyclones are dangerous both for vessels out at sea and those moored in harbours; serious erosion of the adjacent foreshore can also occur. 
Another marine phenomenon that can cause inundation of low-lying coastal areas is the storm surge. This is a raised dome of water about 60 to 80 km across and typically about 2 to 5m higher than the normal tide level. If the surge occurs at the same time as a high tide then the area inundated may be quite extensive.

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